●Te tukanga hanga pepa penupenu bamboo
Mai i te whanaketanga ahumahi angitu me te whakamahinga o te pāma, he maha ngā tukanga hou, ngā hangarau me ngā hua mō te tukatuka pāma kua puta ake tetahi i muri i tetahi, ā, kua tino pai ake te uara whakamahinga o te pāma. Ko te whanaketanga o te hangarau penupenu miihini o Haina kua pakaru i te tikanga ā-ringa tuku iho, ā, kei te huri ki te tauira whakaputa ahumahi me te ahumahi. Ko ngā tukanga whakaputa penupenu pāma rongonui o nāianei he miihini, he matū me te miihini matū. Ko te penupenu pāma o Haina he matū te nuinga, tata ki te 70%; he iti iho i te 30% te miihini matū; ko te whakamahinga o ngā tikanga miihini hei whakaputa penupenu pāma he iti noa iho ki te wāhanga whakamātautau, ā, kāore he pūrongo ahumahi nui.
1. Tikanga penupenu ā-ringa
Ko te tikanga whakapūpū ā-ringa he huri i te pāpaka kia hanga muka mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga ā-ringa, me te kore e tāpiri i ngā matū. He painga tōna, he iti te parahanga, he tere te whakapūpū, ā, he māmā te tukanga. I raro i te āhua o te kaha haere o te whakahaere parahanga me te korenga o ngā rauemi whakapūpū rakau i te motu, kua piki haere te uara o te whakapūpū pāpaka ā-ringa e te tangata.
Ahakoa he pai ngā painga o te whakapūpū ā-ringa, arā, he tere te whakapūpū me te iti o te parahanga, he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te umanga whakapūpū me te hanga pepa o ngā rauemi koniperu pērā i te rākau pīkau. Heoi, nā te nui o te lignin, te pungarehu, me te 1% NAOH tangohanga i roto i te hanganga matū o te pāpaka, he ngoikore te kounga o te whakapūpū, ā, he uaua ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga kounga o te pepa arumoni. He onge te whakamahinga ahumahi, ā, kei roto i te wāhanga rangahau pūtaiao me te tūhuratanga hangarau te nuinga.
2. Tikanga penupenu matū
Ko te tikanga whakapūpū matū he whakamahi i te pāpaka hei rauemi mata, ā, mā te tikanga whanariki, te tikanga whanariki rānei hei hanga i te pūpū pāpaka. Ka tirotirohia, ka horoia, ka whakamaroketia, ka tunua, ka whakakāhia, ka tātarihia, ka horoia ki te au whakamuri, ka tirotirohia katia, ka tangohia te hāora, ka whakamakukuhia, me ētahi atu tukanga hei hanga i te pūpū pāpaka. Ka taea e te tikanga whakapūpū matū te tiaki i te muka me te whakapai ake i te tere o te whakapūpū. He kounga pai te pūpū e whiwhihia ana, he ma, he ngawari, he ngāwari ki te whakamakukuhia, ā, ka taea te whakamahi hei hanga pepa tuhituhi me te pepa tā kounga teitei.
Nā te nui o te lignin, te pungarehu me ngā momo tangohanga i tangohia i roto i te tukanga penupenu o te tikanga penupenu matū, he iti te tere penupenu o te penupenu bamboo, ko te tikanga 45% ~ 55%.
3. Te Whakapūtanga Matū Ā-Mīhini
Ko te Whakapūtanga Matū Ā-ringa he tikanga whakapūtanga e whakamahi ana i te pīkau hei rauemi mata, ā, e whakakotahi ana i ētahi āhuatanga o te whakapūtanga matū me te whakapūtanga ā-ringa. Kei roto i te Whakapūtanga Matū Ā-ringa te tikanga haurua-matū, te tikanga matū ā-ringa me te tikanga matū wera-matū.
Mō te hanga pepa me te hanga pepa, he teitei ake te tere o te hanga pepa matū-ā-ringa i te hanga pepa matū, ā, ko te tikanga ka eke ki te 72% ~ 75%; he teitei ake te kounga o te pepa i whiwhihia mai i te hanga pepa matū-ā-ringa i te hanga pepa mīhini, ā, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga whānui o te hanga pepa taonga. I taua wā anō, kei waenganui i te hanga pepa matū me te hanga pepa mīhini te utu o te whakaora kawakore me te maimoatanga paru.
▲Raina Whakaputa Pulping Bamboo
●Ngā Taputapu Hanga Pepa Panipani Pāma
He rite tonu ngā taputapu o te wāhanga hanga o te raina hanga pepa penupenu pāpaka ki ērā o te raina hanga penupenu rakau. Ko te rerekētanga nui o ngā taputapu hanga pepa penupenu pāpaka kei roto i ngā wāhanga whakarite pērā i te tapatapahi, te horoi me te tunu kai.
Nā te mea he hanganga kōhao te pāpaka, he rerekē ngā taputapu tapatapahi i ērā o te rakau. Ko ngā taputapu tapatapahi pāpaka e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te nuinga o ngā taputapu tapahi pāpaka ko te mīhini tapahi pāpaka roera, te mīhini tapahi pāpaka kōpae me te mīhini tapatapahi pahu. He tino pai te mahi a ngā mīhini tapahi pāpaka roera me ngā mīhini tapatapahi pāpaka kōpae, engari kāore te kounga o ngā maramara pāpaka tukatuka (te āhua maramara pāpaka) i te pai ki ērā o ngā mīhini tapatapahi pahu. Ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu tapatapahi (te mīhini tapatapahi) e tika ana kia rite ki te kaupapa o te penupenu pāpaka me te utu whakaputa. Mō ngā tipu penupenu pāpaka iti me te rahi waenga (putanga <100,000 tana/ia), he rawaka ngā taputapu tapatapahi pāpaka ā-whare hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia whakaputa; mō ngā tipu penupenu pāpaka nui (putanga ≥100,000 tana/ia), ka taea te whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu tapatapahi (te mīhini tapatapahi) nui o te ao.
E whakamahia ana ngā taputapu horoi maramara parāoa hei tango i ngā poke, ā, he maha ngā hua kua pātenetia kua pūrongohia i Haina. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakamahia ngā mīhini horoi penupenu korehau, ngā mīhini horoi penupenu pēhanga me ngā mīhini horoi penupenu whitiki. Ka taea e ngā umanga waenga me ngā umanga nui te whakamahi i ngā mīhini horoi penupenu pēhi-rua hou, ngā mīhini horoi penupenu whakamaroke kaha rānei.
E whakamahia ana ngā taputapu tunu maramara pāpaka hei whakangawari i ngā maramara pāpaka me te wehewehe matū. Ka whakamahia e ngā umanga iti me ngā umanga waenga ngā kohua tunu poutū, ngā oumu ngongo whakapae rānei. Ka taea e ngā umanga nui te whakamahi i ngā oumu Camille me te horoi horapa hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakaputa, ā, ka piki ake hoki te hua penupenu, engari ka piki ake te utu haumi kotahi.
1. He nui te pūmanawa o te hanga pepa penupenu bamboo
I runga i te rangahau o ngā rauemi pāma o Haina me te tātari i te pai o te pāma mō te hanga pepa, mā te whakawhanake kaha i te umanga penupenu pāma e kore e taea anake te whakaiti i te raruraru o ngā rauemi mata rakau piripono i roto i te umanga pepa o Haina, engari he huarahi whai hua hoki hei whakarerekē i te hanganga rauemi mata o te umanga hanga pepa me te whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā maramara rakau kawemai. Kua tātarihia e ētahi tohunga ko te utu kotahi o te penupenu pāma mō ia taumaha kotahi he tata ki te 30% te iti iho i te paina, te spruce, te eucalyptus, me ētahi atu, ā, ko te kounga o te penupenu pāma he rite ki te penupenu rakau.
2. He huarahi whanaketanga nui te whakaurunga o te ngahere me te pepa
Nā te tere o te tipu me te whakaora o ngā painga o te pāmu, ko te whakapakari i te whakatipu i ngā ngahere pāmu motuhake e tere ana te tipu me te whakatū i tētahi turanga whakaputa penupenu pāmu e whakauru ana i te ngahere me te pepa ka waiho hei huarahi mō te whanaketanga pumau o te umanga penupenu me te hanga pepa o Haina, te whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā maramara rakau me te penupenu kawemai, me te whakawhanake i ngā ahumahi ā-motu.
3. He nui te kaha ki te whakawhanake i te penupenu bamboo tautau
I roto i te umanga tukatuka pāpaka o nāianei, neke atu i te 90% o ngā rauemi mata he mea hanga mai i te pāpaka moso (Phoebe nanmu), e whakamahia ana mō ngā taonga o te whare me ngā rauemi hanganga. Ko te hanga pepa penupenu pāpaka hoki e whakamahi ana i te pāpaka moso (Phoebe nanmu) me te pāpaka sikada hei rauemi mata, ka hanga he āhuatanga whakataetae rauemi mata, ā, kāore e pai mō te whanaketanga pumau o te umanga. I runga i ngā momo pāpaka mata o nāianei, me kaha te umanga hanga pepa penupenu pāpaka ki te whakawhanake i ngā momo pāpaka mō te whakamahinga rauemi mata, me te whakamahi katoa i te pāpaka sikada utu iti, te pāpaka tarakona nunui, te pāpaka hiku phoenix, te dendrocalamus latiflorus me ētahi atu pāpaka piri mō te penupenu me te hanga pepa, me te whakapai ake i te whakataetae mākete.
▲Ka taea te whakamahi i te pāpaka tautau hei rauemi penupenu nui
Wā tuku: Hepetema-04-2024
