Ngā āhuatanga matū o ngā rauemi bamboo

He nui te nui o te cellulose i roto i ngā rauemi bamboo, he angiangi te āhua o te muka, he pai ngā āhuatanga miihini me te kirihou. Hei rauemi pai hei whakakapi mō ngā rauemi mata hanga pepa rakau, ka taea e te bamboo te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga penupenu mō te hanga pepa reo-rahi me te pepa teitei. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau he pai ngā āhuatanga penupenu o te hanganga matū me ngā āhuatanga muka o te bamboo. Ko te mahi a te penupenu bamboo te tuarua o ngā penupenu rakau coniferous, ā, he pai ake i te penupenu rakau rau-whānui me te penupenu tarutaru. Kei mua a Myanmar, Īnia me ētahi atu whenua i te ao i roto i te mara o te penupenu me te hanga pepa bamboo. Ko te nuinga o ngā hua penupenu me te pepa bamboo a Haina ka kawemai mai i Myanmar me Īnia. Ko te whakawhanake kaha i te umanga penupenu me te hanga pepa bamboo he mea nui ki te whakaiti i te korenga o ngā rauemi mata penupenu rakau.

He tere te tipu o te pāmu, ā, e toru ki te whā tau te roa ka taea te hauhake. Hei tāpiri, he kaha te pānga o ngā ngahere pāmu ki te pupuri waro, ā, ka piki haere te rongonui o ngā painga ōhanga, taiao me te pāpori o te umanga pāmu. I tēnei wā, kua āta whanake haere te hangarau me ngā taputapu hanga penupenu pāmu o Haina, ā, kua hangaia ngā taputapu matua pēnei i te heu me te penupenu ki te kāinga. Kua whakapūmautia ngā raina hanga pepa pāmu nui me te rahi, ā, kua whakamahia ki te hanga ki Guizhou, Sichuan me ētahi atu wāhi.

Ngā āhuatanga matū o te pāma
Hei rauemi koiora, e toru ngā wāhanga matū matua o te pāmu: te cellulose, te hemicellulose, me te lignin, me te iti o te pectin, te māngaro, te polysaccharides, me te ware pi. Mā te tātari i te hanganga matū me ngā āhuatanga o te pāmu, ka taea e tātou te mārama ki ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o te pāmu hei rauemi penupenu me te pepa.
1. He nui te ihirangi cellulose o te bamboo
He nui ngā whakaritenga mō ngā rauemi mata o te pepa kua oti pai rawa atu, me te hiahia kia nui ake te ihirangi o te cellulose, kia pai ake, ā, kia iti ake te ihirangi o te lignin, te polysaccharides me ētahi atu tangohanga, kia pai ake. I whakaritea e Yang Rendang me ētahi atu ngā wāhanga matū matua o ngā rauemi koiora pērā i te bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens), te paina masson, te poplar, me te kakau witi, ā, i kitea ko te ihirangi cellulose ko te paina masson (51.20%), te bamboo (45.50%), te poplar (43.24%), me te kakau witi (35.23%); ko te ihirangi hemicellulose (pentosan) ko te poplar (22.61%), te bamboo (21.12%), te kakau witi (19.30%), me te paina masson (8.24%); ko te ihirangi lignin ko te bamboo (30.67%), te paina masson (27.97%), te poplar (17.10%), me te kakau witi (11.93%). Ka kitea i roto i ngā rauemi e whā e whakatauritea ana, ko te pīkau te tuarua o ngā rauemi mata mō te hanga penupenu i muri i te paina o Masson.
2. He roa ake ngā muka o te bamboo, ā, he nui ake te ōwehenga āhua
Ko te roa toharite o ngā muka o te pāpaka he 1.49~2.28 mm, ko te whānui toharite he 12.24~17.32 μm, ā, ko te ōwehenga āhua he 122~165; ko te matotoru pakitara toharite o te muka he 3.90~5.25 μm, ā, ko te ōwehenga pakitara-ki-te-kōhao he 4.20~7.50, he muka matotoru pakitara me te ōwehenga āhua nui ake. Ko ngā rauemi penupenu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te cellulose mai i ngā rauemi koiora. Ko ngā rauemi mata pai o te muka koiora mō te hanga pepa me nui te ihirangi cellulose me iti te ihirangi lignin, e kore e taea anake te whakanui ake i te hua penupenu, engari ka whakaiti hoki i te pungarehu me ngā tangohanga. He āhuatanga o te pāpaka he muka roa me te ōwehenga āhua nui, e nui ake ai te raranga o te muka i ia wāhi i muri i te hanga penupenu pāpaka hei pepa, ā, he pai ake te kaha o te pepa. Nō reira, he tata te mahi penupenu o te pāpaka ki te rakau, ā, he kaha ake i ētahi atu tipu tarutaru pērā i te kakau witi, te kakau witi, me te bagasse.
3. He kaha te muka o te bamboo
Ehara i te mea he mea whakahou noa iho te cellulose bamboo, he mea pirau, he mea hototahi ki te koiora, he mea pai ki te wai, ā, he tino pai ngā āhuatanga ātete miihini me te wera, engari he pai hoki ngā āhuatanga miihini. I whakahaerehia e ētahi tohunga ngā whakamātautau kume ki runga i ngā momo muka bamboo 12, ā, i kitea ko ō rātou kaha kume me te tere kume i nui ake i ngā muka rakau ngahere tupu tere horihori. I whakaritea e Wang me ētahi atu ngā āhuatanga miihini kume o ngā momo muka e whā: te bamboo, te kenaf, te fir, me te ramie. I whakaatuhia e ngā hua he teitei ake te kaha kume me te tere o te muka bamboo i ērā o ngā rauemi muka e toru.
4. He nui te pungarehu me te waikura o te bamboo
Ki te whakaritea ki te rakau, he nui ake te pungarehu o te pāpaka (tata ki te 1.0%) me te 1% te tangohanga NAOH (tata ki te 30.0%), ka nui ake ngā poke e puta mai ana i te wā e tukatukahia ana, kāore e pai mō te tuku me te maimoatanga wai para o te umanga penupenu me te pepa, ā, ka piki ake te utu haumi mō ētahi taputapu.

I tēnei wā, kua eke te kounga o ngā hua pepa penupenu bamboo a Yashi Paper ki ngā whakaritenga paerewa EU ROHS, kua paahitia te EU AP (2002)-1, US FDA me ētahi atu whakamātautau paerewa kai o te ao, kua paahitia te tiwhikete ngahere FSC 100%, ā, koia hoki te kamupene tuatahi i Sichuan ki te whiwhi i te tiwhikete haumaru me te hauora o Haina; i taua wā anō, kua whakamātauria hei hua "kua whai tohu tauira tirotiro kounga" e te National Paper Products Inspection Center mō ngā tau tekau karapīpiti, ā, kua toa hoki i ngā tohu pēnei i te "National Quality Stable Qualified Brand and Product" mai i te China Quality Tour.